Automatic transmission (automatic transmission)
* Operating principle: Uses a torque converter and a set of planetary gears to change the gear ratio.
* Gear Shift: Gears are shifted automatically based on inputs from sensors such as vehicle speed, throttle and engine speed.
* Number of gears: Typically 4 to 10 gears.
* Advantages:
* Smooth and imperceptible gear shifting.
* Less stress on the driver, since gear shifting does not require his intervention.
* Flaws:
*Lower fuel efficiency than CVT transmission.
* Less dynamic operation than a CVT transmission.
Variable transmission (CVT)
*Working principle: Uses two cone-shaped pulleys and a flexible belt to transmit power. The distance between the pulleys varies, providing a continuous range of gear ratios.
* Gear shifting: There are no traditional gears, instead the gear ratio changes smoothly.
* Number of Gears: Typically one «gear» with a continuously varying gear ratio.
* Advantages:
* High fuel efficiency thanks to optimal engine performance at all speeds.
* Smooth and continuously variable power transmission for a more dynamic ride.
* Flaws:
*Less intuitive driving than an automatic transmission as there is no gear shift feel.
*May be less reliable than automatic transmission.