Automatic transmission torque converter unit
Purpose:
The torque converter unit is the main component of a hydrodynamic automatic transmission (automatic transmission). It serves to transmit torque from the engine to the gearbox, as well as to convert its magnitude and ensure smooth gear shifting.
Design:
The torque converter unit consists of the following main elements:
* Turbine: A wheel with radial blades that is connected to the engine.
* Pump wheel: A wheel with axial blades that is driven by a turbine.
* Reactor: The third wheel, which is located between the turbine and the pump wheel.
* Working fluid (ATF): A special fluid that fills the torque converter housing and creates a hydrodynamic connection between the wheels.
Working principle:
When the engine is running, it rotates the turbine. The turbine, in turn, transmits rotation to the pump wheel through the working fluid. The pump wheel directs fluid flow back to the turbine, creating torque that turns the transmission.
The reactor serves to change the direction of fluid flow and increase the torque transmitted to the transmission.
The torque converter unit also senses fluctuations in engine torque and provides smooth gear changes while reducing shock and vibration.
Main functions:
*Transmission of torque from engine to gearbox
* Torque conversion (multiply or decrease)
* Ensure smooth gear shifting
* Reduce engine torque fluctuations
* Lubrication and cooling of automatic transmission components