Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF)
Purpose:
* Lubricates and cools the moving parts of the transmission
* Transfers engine power to transmission
* Provides hydraulic shift control
ATF types:
There are several types of ATF designed to work in different transmissions:
* DEXRON®: Developed by General Motors for use in GM transmissions
* MERCON®: Developed by Ford for use in Ford transmissions
* Chrysler ATF+: Developed by Chrysler for use in Chrysler transmissions
* Toyota WS: Developed by Toyota for use in Toyota electronically controlled transmissions
*Honda ATF: Developed by Honda for use in Honda transmissions
*Nissan Matic Fluid: Developed by Nissan for use in Nissan transmissions
Compound:
ATF consists of a base oil (usually synthetic or semi-synthetic), detergents, friction modifiers and anti-wear additives.
*Base Oil: The basis of ATF, providing lubrication and cooling.
* Detergents: Remove dirt and deposits, preventing sludge buildup.
* Friction Modifiers: Control friction in clutches and brake bands for smooth shifting.
* Anti-wear additives: Protect metal components from wear and corrosion.
Replacement intervals:
ATF change intervals vary depending on transmission type and operating conditions. In most cases, manufacturers recommend replacing ATF every 30,000 – 60,000 km or every 2-3 years.
Signs that the ATF needs to be replaced:
* Gear Slipping: ATF may lose its friction modifier properties, resulting in gear slipping.
* Difficulty shifting: Thick or contaminated ATF can make shifting difficult.
* Noise and Vibration: Worn or damaged additives can cause noise and vibration during transmission operation.
* Burning smell: Overheating of the ATF or presence of deposits can cause a burning smell.
*Dark Color: ATF that has not been changed for a long time may become dark and opaque.
The importance of using the correct ATF:
Using the correct ATF for a specific transmission is critical to its optimal performance and longevity. Using the wrong fluid can lead to serious performance problems and even transmission failure.