Torque converter in a Toyota automatic transmission
The torque converter is an integral part of the automatic transmission in Toyota cars. It performs the important function of transferring power from the engine to the gearbox and ensuring smooth gear changes.
Torque converter function
*Power Transmission: The torque converter transmits torque from the engine to the transmission using hydraulic fluid.
* Torque Multiplier: The torque converter can increase torque at low speeds, making it easier for the vehicle to move from a stop or under load.
* Vibration Absorption: The torque converter acts as a shock absorber to absorb vibrations from the engine, resulting in smooth gear shifting.
* Provides a smooth ride: The torque converter allows the vehicle to move from low speeds without the need to manually change gears.
Torque converter device
The torque converter is a sealed housing filled with hydraulic fluid. It consists of three main components:
* Pump: Mounted on the motor shaft and driven by the motor.
* Turbine: Mounted on the gearbox shaft and receives power from the pump.
* Reactor: A fixed blade located between the pump and turbine.
Operating principle
* As the engine rotates, the pump forces hydraulic fluid toward the turbine blades, creating torque.
* The turbine transmits torque to the gearbox shaft.
* As vehicle speed increases, the reactor directs hydraulic fluid back to the pump, helping to increase torque.
* As pump and turbine speeds equalize, the torque converter locks, transmitting power directly without slipping.
Advantages of a torque converter
* Smooth ride
*Torque multiplication
* Vibration protection
*Ease of driving
Torque Converter Maintenance
The torque converter must be serviced in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Basic maintenance operations include:
* Regular replacement of hydraulic fluid
* Check for leaks
*Replacement if necessary