Operating modes of the automatic transmission torque converter:
1. Locked transformer mode:
* The lock is activated at a certain speed and load.
* The drum and turbine are mechanically connected, eliminating slippage.
*Transmits maximum torque with minimal losses.
2. Slip mode:
* The torque converter works as a hydrodynamic device.
* Oil circulates between the drum and the turbine, creating torque.
* Slipper ensures smooth starting and gear shifting.
3. Freewheel mode:
* Occurs at low speeds or when changing gears.
* The lock is turned off and the oil circulates freely.
* Provides transmission protection from shock loads.
4. Torque multiplication mode:
*Occurs at low speeds and high loads.
* Oil circulation creates a torque multiplying effect, providing additional traction for starting from a stop and climbing uphill.
5. Torsional vibration damping mode:
* The torque converter acts as a damper between the engine and transmission.
* Absorbs and smoothes out torsional vibrations, preventing damage to transmission components.