Basic electrical circuit of a car
Battery
* Source of electricity to start the engine and power electrical systems.
Starter
* An electric motor that runs an internal combustion engine.
Generator
* Converts mechanical energy from the engine into electrical energy, charging the battery and powering electrical systems.
Engine control unit (ECU)
* Monitors engine operation by receiving data from sensors and controlling electronic components.
Main Power Distribution Box (GJB)
* Distributes electrical power across electrical systems.
Fuses and relays
* Protect electrical circuits from excessive current, tripping when its rated value is exceeded.
Lighting systems
*Headlights, taillights, turn signals, etc.
Wiper system
* Electric motors that rotate the wiper blades.
Ventilation system
* Electric motors that drive the heater, air conditioning and interior fans.
Audio system
* Radio, CD player or other music sources.
Security systems
* Airbags, seat belts and anti-theft alarm system.
Power windows
* Electric motors that open and close windows.
Central lock
* A device that locks and unlocks all car doors at the same time.
Sensors
* Monitor various parameters of the engine, transmission and car body and transmit data to the ECU.
Wires and harnesses
* Connect electrical components and transmit current and signals.