Visual inspection
* Check the condition of the battery and terminals for corrosion and damage.
* Inspect the wires and connectors for kinks, cracks and signs of oxidation.
* Check the condition of fuses, relays and switches.
Testing with a Multimeter
* Battery voltage check:
*Connect the multimeter to the battery terminals.
* Expected voltage: 12-14.5V.
*Checking charge current:
*Connect the multimeter in series with the positive and negative terminals of the battery while the engine is running.
* Expected value: 5-20 A.
* Insulation resistance test:
* Connect one multimeter probe to the negative terminal of the battery and the other to any ground point.
* Expected resistance: more than 1 MΩ.
Testing with a code scanner
* Connect the code scanner to the vehicle’s diagnostic connector.
*Run the scanner code.
*Check for trouble codes related to the electrical system.
Testing with a voltmeter or ammeter
* Connect a voltmeter or ammeter to specific circuits or components to test voltage or current.
* Compare readings with technical specifications.
Load Testing
* Use a load such as a light bulb or load plug to load specific circuits or components.
* Observe the instantaneous drop in voltage or current when connecting a load.
Other methods
*Lighting Test: Use a voltmeter to check the voltage at the light bulbs and switches.
* Checking the ignition system: Check the spark at the spark plugs and the operation of the ignition coils.
* Starter Check: Check the voltage at the starter and check its operation by starting the engine.
* Checking the generator: Check the voltage at the generator terminals and the operation of the diode bridge.
Important:
*Always follow the manufacturer’s maintenance instructions.
* Observe safety precautions when working on electrical systems.
*If in doubt, seek assistance from a qualified mechanic.