Instructions for servicing vehicle electrical equipment
Section 1: Safety
* Always disconnect the battery before performing electrical work.
* Use appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, goggles, work clothes).
*Never work with electricity in wet conditions.
* Observe the markings of wires and terminals.
* Check all circuits for shorts and breaks before connecting the battery.
Section 2: Tools and Materials
* Multimeter
* Screwdrivers (slotted and Phillips)
* Wrenches (open-end, socket, ratchet)
* Removable pliers
* Dipstick
* Electrical tape
* Junctions and heat-shrinkable tubing (if necessary)
Section 3: Troubleshooting
*Voltage Test: Use a multimeter to check the voltage at the battery terminals, fuses and relay contacts.
* Resistance check: Check the resistance in the wires, contacts and windings of the motors.
* Circuit Continuity Test: Use split pliers to check the integrity of wires and contacts.
* Load testing: Load components such as an alternator or starter to check their performance under load.
Section 4: Repair and Replacement
* Replacement of fuses: Remove the defective fuse and replace it with a new one of the same rating.
* Relay replacement: Disconnect the relay and replace it with a new one with the same characteristics.
* Wire repair: If the wire is damaged, cut off the damaged part and connect the ends with a new wire. Insulate the connection with electrical tape or heat shrink tubing.
* Replacement of light bulbs: Replace burnt out light bulbs with similar ones. Make sure to maintain correct polarity when connecting lamps.
* Engine repair: Depending on the problem, repair or replace the engine.
Section 5: Troubleshooting
*Battery won’t charge: Check alternator, voltage regulator, battery and wiring for problems.
* Car will not start: Check the starter, battery, ignition coil and spark plugs.
* Loss of power: Check the fuel, air and ignition systems for problems.
* Dim headlights: Check the bulbs, fuses, relays and battery for problems.
* Electronics failure: Check connections, fuses, relays and the electronic components themselves for faults.
Section 6: Maintenance
* Clean battery terminals and connections regularly.
*Tighten electrical connections to specified specifications.
* Periodically check the condition of wires and connectors for damage.
* Renew anti-corrosion coatings on battery terminals and connections.