Diagnostics of vehicle electrical equipment
Goal: identify faults in the vehicle’s electrical system and eliminate them.
Tools and Equipment:
* Voltmeter
* Ammeter
* Test lamp
* Multimeter
* Car electrical circuit diagrams
Diagnostic procedure:
1. Battery check:
— Measure the battery voltage using a voltmeter. It should be in the range of 12.6-13.2 V.
— Check the electrolyte level (if the battery type is serviceable).
— Inspect the battery terminals for corrosion or looseness.
2. Checking the charging system:
— Start the engine and measure the voltage on the battery using a voltmeter. It should be above 13.5 V at idle speed.
— Check the generator for signs of wear or damage.
3. Checking the ignition system:
— Check the ignition coil and wires for damage.
— Check the spark plugs for wear or carbon deposits.
— Replace faulty components.
4. Checking the lighting system:
— Turn on the headlights, side lights and hazard lights.
— Check the operation of all lamps.
— Inspect the wiring and contacts for damage or corrosion.
5. Checking the engine control system:
— Check the crankshaft and camshaft position sensors.
— Check the engine control module (ECU).
— Read and decipher fault codes.
6. Checking other electrical systems:
— Check the operation of the windows, air conditioning and other electrical devices.
— Check wiring and contacts for damage or corrosion.
Recommendations:
*Follow the vehicle’s electrical diagram to correctly identify components.
*Use safe practices and wear protective clothing.
* If serious faults are detected, contact a specialized car service.