Electrical equipment of an automatic transmission (AT)
The electrical equipment of the automatic transmission plays an important role in controlling the operation of the gearbox, ensuring timely gear changes in accordance with the vehicle’s driving mode.
The main components of automatic transmission electrical equipment include:
1. Automatic transmission control unit (TCM)
* Is the brain of the automatic transmission and controls its operation.
* Receives data from sensors and makes decisions about gear shifts.
* Communicates with other vehicle systems such as the engine and brakes.
2. Sensors
* Provide the TCM with information about engine, chassis and transmission parameters.
*Main sensors include:
* Input shaft speed sensor
*Output shaft speed sensor
* Throttle Position Sensor
* Crankshaft position sensor
*Transmission fluid temperature sensor
3. Solenoids
* Electromechanical devices that control hydraulic pressure in the automatic transmission.
* Provide gear shifting, clutch engagement and disengagement.
4. Electrical wire
* Connects electrical components of automatic transmission.
5. Driving mode selection switch
* Allows the driver to select different automatic transmission driving modes, such as ‘D’ (drive), ‘P’ (park), ‘R’ (reverse), etc.
Functions of automatic transmission electrical equipment
* Gear shift control
* Adaptation to traffic conditions and driving style
* Prevent unwanted gear changes
* Transmission fluid temperature control
*Maintain optimal fuel economy
* Ensure smooth and seamless gear shifting
Malfunctions of automatic transmission electrical equipment
Malfunctions of automatic transmission electrical equipment can lead to various problems, such as:
*Hard or slow gear shifting
* Gear slippage
* Shocks and jolts when shifting gears
* Automatic transmission fault codes
* Emergency mode automatic transmission
To identify and eliminate faults in automatic transmission electrical equipment, qualified transmission diagnostics and repairs are required.