Electrical panel diagram
Purpose: Protect and control electrical circuits in a building.
Components:
1. Main switch:
* Turns off power to the entire electrical panel.
* Usually installed at the top of the panel.
2. Circuit breaker:
* Protect individual circuits from overload and short circuit.
*Have an amperage rating that matches the load current that the circuit can withstand.
* When the current exceeds the rated value, the breaker will automatically open, breaking the circuit.
3. RCD (residual current device):
* Protect people from electric shock when leaking to ground.
* Turn off the power if they detect a difference between the currents in the direct and neutral lines.
4. Switching bus:
*Connected to the main switch and provides power to the circuit breakers.
* Distributes current between circuit breakers.
5. Neutral bus:
*Connected to the neutral line of the power supply.
* Provides neutral current return for circuit breakers.
6. Grounding bus:
*Connected to the building’s grounding system.
* Provides grounding for circuit breakers and other panel components.
7. Grouping:
* Circuit breakers and RCDs can be grouped according to functional areas or areas of the building.
* Each group protects a specific set of circuits and improves serviceability.
8. Labels:
* Identification marks indicating each circuit protected by the circuit breaker.
* Allows you to easily determine which circuit is tripped if a circuit breaker trips.
9. Protective cover:
* Closes the component access panel.
* Protects against unauthorized access and prevents accidental contact with exposed conductors.
Device:
* Electrical machines are installed on a switching bus.
* Each circuit breaker is connected to the wires of the protected circuit.
* The panel is covered with a protective cover.
* Electricity passes through the main switch to the switching bus and is then distributed to the circuit breakers, protecting the building circuits.