Rated voltage
* 12 V – passenger cars
* 24 V – trucks, buses
Electrical network type
* DC (direct current)
* AC (alternating current)
Polarity
* + (plus) – red wire
* – (minus) – black wire
Ampere hours (Ah)
The capacity of a battery, indicating the amount of electrical charge it can store.
Amps (A)
Unit of measurement of current.
Watts (W)
Unit of measurement of power.
Volts (V)
Unit of voltage measurement.
Ohms (Ohm)
Unit of measurement of resistance.
Fuse
A protective device that breaks the circuit when the permissible current is exceeded. Designation: F
Relay
An electromechanical device that makes or breaks a circuit in response to a control signal. Designation: RL
Coolant temperature sensor (DTOZH)
A sensor that measures the temperature of the coolant in the engine. Designation: ECT
Crankshaft position sensor (CPS)
A sensor that determines the position of the engine crankshaft. Designation: CKP
Mass air flow sensor (MAF)
A sensor that measures the mass of air entering the engine. Designation: MAF
Knock sensor (DS)
A sensor that records and transmits information about the occurrence of detonation in the engine. Designation: KN
Lambda probe
A sensor that measures the oxygen content in exhaust gases. Designation: O2
Ignition coil (short circuit)
A device that generates high voltage to ignite the fuel-air mixture in the engine cylinders. Designation: IGN
Engine control module (ECU)
An electronic control unit responsible for regulating engine operation. Designation: ECM or ECU
Generator
A device that converts the mechanical energy of the engine into electrical energy to recharge the battery and power the vehicle’s electrical systems. Designation: ALT
Starter
A device that allows a car engine to start. Designation: STA