Automatic transmission (AT) for loaders
Automatic transmission for loaders is designed to automatically change gears depending on the load and speed of the machine. This transmission improves performance, simplifies handling and reduces transmission wear.
Automatic transmission components for forklifts:
* Torque Converter: Transmits torque from the engine to the gearbox. The pump creates a fluid flow that drives a turbine connected to the engine output shaft. The turbine speed is controlled by a vane pump and a freewheel.
* Planetary gearbox: Contains a series of planetary gears to change the gear ratio.
*Transmission Shaft: Transfers power from the transmission to the differential and wheels.
*Governor: An electronic or hydraulic component that controls gear shifting. It takes into account transmission load, forklift speed and other factors.
Automatic transmission operating modes for loaders:
* Forward movement: The loader moves forward. The automatic transmission automatically shifts to higher gears as speed increases.
* Neutral: The forklift does not move.
* Reverse: The loader moves backward.
* Parking: The gearbox output shaft is locked, preventing the truck from moving.
Advantages of automatic transmission for forklifts:
* Increased Productivity: Automatic gear shifting allows the truck to operate at optimal speed, increasing productivity.
*Easy to operate: The operator does not need to manually change gears, making the forklift easier to operate.
* Reduced wear: Automatic gear shifting prevents overload and premature wear of the transmission.
* Smooth Driving: The torque converter ensures smooth shifting, reducing shock and vibration.
* Improved handling: Automatic gear shifting allows the driver to focus on maneuvering and managing loads.
Disadvantages of automatic transmission for forklifts:
*Higher cost: Automatic transmissions are more expensive than manual transmissions.
* More complex maintenance: Automatic transmissions require regular maintenance and repair by qualified mechanics.
*Lower Efficiency: The torque converter results in some loss of power compared to manual transmissions.
*Smaller Speed Range: Automatic transmissions for forklifts typically have a narrower speed range than manual transmissions.