Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT)
DCT is a type of transmission that combines elements of an automatic and manual transmission. It uses two separate clutches: one for odd gears (1, 3, 5) and one for even gears (2, 4, 6).
How DCT works:
1. When the car starts, one of the clutches closes, transmitting torque to one of the gears (for example, 1st).
2. While first gear is engaged, the next clutch preselects the next gear (eg 2nd).
3. When it’s time to shift, the electronic controls open the first clutch and close the second at the same time, ensuring smooth and quick gear changes.
DCT offers the benefits of both automatic and manual transmissions:
* Smooth gear shifting, like an automatic transmission
* Fuel economy approaching that of a manual transmission
* Possibility of manual gear shifting, like a manual transmission
Automated Manual Transmission (AMT)
AMT is also a hybrid of manual and automatic transmissions. However, unlike DCT, it uses a single clutch and an automated system that controls gear changes.
How AMT works:
1. The driver selects a gear, as on a manual transmission.
2. The automated system uses actuators to press the clutch pedal and change gears.
3. The system also controls the throttle to ensure smooth gear shifting.
AMT offers lower cost than DCT, but it is not as smooth or fast.
Double clutch transmission with clutches (DSG)
DSG is a specific type of DCT developed by Volkswagen. It uses two wet clutches that are immersed in oil. This provides smoother operation and better torque transfer, especially on more powerful vehicles.