Automatic gearbox shift diagram
Gear selector
| Position | Transfer |
|—|—|
| P | Parking |
| R | Reverse |
| N | Neutral |
| D | Drive |
| 2 | Second gear |
| 1 | First gear |
Hydraulic system
The hydraulic system consists of the following components:
* Oil Pump: Forces hydraulic fluid through the system.
* Torque Converter: The connection between the engine and transmission that transmits torque.
* Clutch valves: Control the engagement and disengagement of the clutches that connect the various planetary gear sets.
* Hydraulic control unit: Controls the operation of the clutch valves in accordance with the position of the gear selector and other factors.
Planetary series
The automatic transmission uses planetary gears to change gears. The planetary gear set consists of the following components:
* Sun Gear: The center gear connected to the motor.
* Planetary Gears: Gears that rotate around the sun gear.
*Ring Gear: The outer gear connected to the output shaft.
System operation
When the gear selector is moved to a certain position, the hydraulic control unit sends a signal to the clutch valves. Clutch valves engage their respective clutches, connecting the planetary gear sets into various configurations. This changes the gear ratio and direction of rotation transmitted from the engine to the output shaft.
Example of transition from first to second gear:
1. The driver moves the gear selector to position “D”.
2. The hydraulic control unit sends a signal to the first gear clutch valve.
3. The first gear clutch valve is actuated, disengaging the first clutch.
4. The second clutch valve is actuated, engaging the second clutch.
5. This changes the planetary gear configuration, increasing the gear ratio and transferring torque to second gear.