A torque converter automatic transmission (ATT) is a type of transmission that uses a hydraulic transformer to transfer power from the engine to the transmission.
Working principle:
* The torque converter consists of three rotating components:
* Pump (connected to motor)
* Turbine (connected to transmission)
* Stator (located between the pump and turbine)
* The pump creates a flow of hydraulic fluid that rotates the turbine.
* The stator directs the flow of fluid, increasing its torque and speed.
Torque converter functions:
* Torque Boost: The torque converter provides more torque at low rpm, helping the vehicle get off the ground and accelerate.
* Reducing Engine Speed: When the vehicle is traveling at a constant speed, the torque converter allows the engine to operate at a lower speed, resulting in fuel savings.
* Jitter Mitigation: Hydraulic fluid absorbs shock and vibration to smooth out gear changes and provide a smooth driving experience.
Advantages:
* Smooth gear changes
* Increased torque at low speeds
* Reducing engine speed when driving at a constant speed
* Simplicity of design compared to other types of automatic transmissions
* Reliability and durability
Flaws:
* Lower efficiency than manual transmissions
*Potential overheating under heavy loads
* Relatively large size and weight