Electronics
* On-board computer: Controls various vehicle systems such as the engine, transmission and brakes.
* Engine Management System (ECM): Controls fuel delivery, ignition and other engine functions to optimize performance.
*Transmission Control System (TCM): Controls automatic transmissions to ensure smooth gear changes.
*Anti-lock Brake System (ABS): Prevents wheel locking when braking, maintaining controllability.
* Stability Control (ESP): Helps prevent skidding and rollovers by controlling traction and braking of individual wheels.
* Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS): Monitors tire pressure and alerts the driver when pressure is low.
* Infotainment system: Provides connectivity, music, navigation and other entertainment features.
Electrics
* Battery: Provides power to all electrical and electronic systems.
* Alternator: Charges the battery and provides power to electrical systems while the engine is running.
* Starter: Starts the engine by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.
* Electrical Wiring: Distributes electricity throughout the vehicle.
* Relays and fuses: Protect electrical systems from overloads and short circuits.
* Lighting: Provides visibility at night, in bad weather and during maneuvers.
* Horn and horn: Warns other drivers and pedestrians of the vehicle’s presence.
* Power windows and mirrors: Conveniently control windows and mirrors from the interior.
Interaction of electronics and electrics
The electronics and electrics in a car work closely together to ensure the car runs flawlessly. Modern cars rely heavily on electronics that process enormous amounts of data to optimize performance, safety and comfort. Electrics, in turn, provide power to electronic systems and transmit data throughout the vehicle.