Vehicle electrical system
Main components:
* Battery
* Generator
* Starter
* Electrical networks and wiring
* Electric motors and drives
* Lighting elements
* Electronic control systems
Electrical system functions:
* Providing electricity to start the engine and operate on-board systems
*Battery charging
* Control of engine, transmission and other important systems
* Vehicle and road lighting
* Ensuring comfort and convenience (windows, audio system, etc.)
Electrical specifications:
* On-board voltage: usually 12 or 24 volts
* Current strength: depends on the number of connected electricity consumers
*Power: determined by generator and battery
Maintenance and repair:
* Regularly check the electrolyte level in the battery and the tightness of the terminals
* Elimination of current leaks and short circuits
* Replacement of worn or faulty components
* Diagnosis and elimination of problems with electronic control systems
General faults:
* Starting the engine is difficult or impossible
* Flickering of lights or devices
* Malfunctions in the operation of electronic systems
* Smell of burning insulation or electrical wiring
Tips for solving problems:
* Check the battery and its terminals first.
* Use a multimeter to check the voltage and current.
* Inspect wiring for damage or corrosion.
* Refer to the owner’s manual for troubleshooting specific systems.
Precautions:
* Disconnect the battery before performing repair work.
* Do not allow bare wires to come into contact with metal surfaces.
*Seek professional help if you do not have experience working with vehicle electrical systems.