Electrical circuits in the automotive industry
General principles
*Wiring diagrams are graphical representations of electrical connections in a vehicle.
* They are used to document, diagnose and repair electrical systems.
* Symbols and symbols are used to represent the various components and connections.
Types of circuits
* Schematic diagrams: Shows all components and connections in the system, regardless of their physical location.
* Functional diagrams: Shows the main functions of the system, without indicating all the details.
* Wiring Diagrams: Shows the physical location of components and the connections between them.
Electrical Circuit Components
* Battery: Power supply.
* Generator: Charges the battery.
* Starter: Starts the engine.
* Fuses: Protect components from overloads.
* Relays: Control the flow of current.
* Conductors: Connect components.
Electrical Diagram Symbols
* Battery: Rectangle with two parallel stripes.
* Generator: Circle with two transverse stripes.
* Starter: Circle with anchor.
* Fuse: Square or circle with a cross inside.
* Relay: Square or rectangle with three contacts.
* Conductor: A line that can be solid, dotted or dashed.
Where to find a wiring diagram for a car
* Vehicle Owner’s Manual: Typically contains a section with diagrams.
* Online Resources: Manufacturer’s websites and third party companies provide access to diagrams.
*Professional Diagrams: Some dealerships or auto repair shops may provide more detailed diagrams.
Using electrical diagrams
* To diagnose faults: Identify the damaged component or connection.
*For repair: Provide instructions for removing and replacing components.
* For Modifications: Help plan and execute electrical modifications.
Important Cautions
*Never work on electrical systems without proper protection and knowledge.
* Always disconnect the battery before carrying out electrical work.
*If in doubt, consult a qualified mechanic.