Checking electrics in a car
Safety first:
* Make sure the engine is turned off and the keys are removed from the ignition.
*Use insulated tools.
* Wear safety glasses.
Basic tools:
* Multimeter
* Screwdriver
* Wire puller
Battery check:
* Check the battery voltage using a multimeter by connecting the black wire to the negative terminal and the red wire to the positive terminal. The voltage should be in the range of 12.5-12.8 volts.
*If the voltage is below 12 volts, the battery may be dead and needs to be charged or replaced.
Charging system check:
* Start the engine and use a multimeter to measure the voltage at the battery terminals. The voltage should be in the range of 13.5-14.5 volts.
*If the voltage is below 13.5 volts, the generator may not be producing enough power.
*If the voltage is higher than 14.5 volts, the voltage regulator may be faulty.
Checking electrical wires:
* Visually inspect the wires for breaks, cuts, or exposed insulation.
*Use a wire puller to disconnect any suspicious wiring and check it with a multimeter.
* Measure the resistance of the wire by connecting a multimeter to each end. The resistance should be close to zero.
Checking fuses:
* Open the fuse box (usually located under the hood or in the passenger compartment).
* Examine the fuses for signs of burnout (black stripe or broken wire).
* Replace blown fuses with fuses of the same rating.
Checking lighting fixtures:
*Check that all lights (headlights, taillights, turn signals, etc.) are working.
*If any of the lights do not work, check the bulb, wiring and associated fuse.
Checking the ignition system:
* Check spark plug spark by removing the spark plug cap and holding it to a metal part of the engine. When you turn the ignition key, a spark should appear.
* If there is no spark, check the spark plugs, ignition wires and ignition coil.
Additional tips:
* Check your vehicle’s electrical system regularly.
*If you do not have electrical experience, consult a qualified mechanic.
* Always take safety precautions when working on vehicle electrical systems.