Main components of an automatic transmission
* Torque converter: Converts the input torque and transmits it to the planetary gear. It acts as a clutch to ensure smooth gear changes.
* Planetary Gear: A system of gears that transmits torque and changes gear ratios.
* Clutches and Brake Bands: Used to engage and disengage various gears by engaging or disengaging various planetary gear components.
* Electronic Control Unit (ECU): The brain of the transmission. It controls gear shifting by regulating the pressure applied to the clutches and brake bands.
* Sensors: Located throughout the transmission and provide the ECU with speed, temperature and pressure data.
* Oil Pump: Circulates transmission fluid.
* Oil Filter: Filters transmission fluid to remove impurities and debris.
Types of automatic transmissions
*Hydraulic automatic transmissions (automatic transmissions): Use hydraulic fluid to control gear changes. This is the most common type.
* Dual-clutch automatic transmissions (RC): They have two clutches that alternately engage and disengage gears. Provides fast and smooth shifts.
* Variable speed drives (CVT): Use tapered pulleys and a belt to transmit power. They provide smooth and stepless gear shifting.
Additional features
*Manual Mode: Allows the driver to manually shift gears in sequential order.
*Sport Mode: Changes the gear shift pattern for more aggressive shifting.
* Eco Mode: Optimizes gear shifting for improved fuel economy.
* Adaptive learning: The transmission adapts to driving style and operating conditions by adjusting the gear shift pattern.