Tools for car electrical diagnostics:
* Multimeter
* Test lamp or control lamp
* Voltmeter
* Ammeter
* OBD-II scanner
* oscilloscope (optional)
Stages of car electrical diagnostics:
1. Collection of information
* Study the symptoms and complaints of the car owner.
* Locate and check the relevant wiring diagrams.
* Identify all related components and their locations.
2. Visual inspection
* Check all accessible wires, connectors, fuses and relays.
* Look for signs of damage, corrosion or weakening.
* Use a test lamp or test light to check for power at the terminals.
3. Electrical measurements
* Use a multimeter to measure voltage, current and resistance according to the electrical diagram.
* Check battery voltage, ground connections, and voltage at component power terminals.
* Check the current consumption of the components and compare it with the specified values.
* Check the resistance of wires, connectors and switches for opens or shorts.
4. Component testing
*Use an OBD-II scanner to retrieve trouble codes related to the electrical system.
* Test individual components such as sensors, switches and relays using specific testing methods.
* Replace or repair faulty components.
5. System check
* Reassemble the electrical system and start the engine.
*Use an OBD-II scanner or voltmeter to check system operation.
* Make sure all components are working properly and not causing problems.
Additional tips:
* Always follow safety precautions when working with electricity.
* Please use electrical wiring diagrams with caution as they may not be accurate.
* Don’t ignore even the most minor symptoms, as they may indicate more serious problems.
* If necessary, contact a qualified auto electrician for further diagnosis and repair.