Basic electrical work in a car
Tools and materials
* Multimeter
* Screwdriver set
* Keys
* Heat shrink tubing
* Electrical tape
* Terminal lubricant
Checking fuses
* Determine which fuse is responsible for the non-working device.
* Pull out the fuse using pliers or a special extractor.
* Check the fuse for a blown or open circuit using a multimeter or visually.
* Replace the blown fuse with a new one of the same rating.
Wiring inspection and repair
* Visually inspect the wiring for damage, wear, or kinks.
* Check connectors for corrosion or loose connections.
* Repair damaged wiring by replacing it or sealing cracks with heat shrink tubing.
* Clean and lubricate all electrical connections.
Replacing light bulbs
* Turn off the headlights and let them cool down.
* Disconnect the negative battery terminal for safety.
* Remove the headlight or lantern cover.
* Locate and carefully remove the burned out light bulb.
* Insert the new bulb and secure it.
* Replace the cover.
* Connect the negative terminal of the battery.
Installation of additional equipment
*Read the installation instructions for your specific device.
* Disconnect the negative terminal of the battery.
* Find a suitable place to install the device and route the wires.
* Connect the wires to the device and power source.
* Install and secure the device.
* Connect the negative terminal of the battery.
Common problems and their solutions
* Engine does not start: check battery, starter and spark plugs.
*Headlights do not work: Check fuses, bulbs and wiring.
*Power windows do not work: Check the fuses, switches and window motors.
* Electrical whine: Check belts and pulleys, alternator and other electrical components.
Precautions
*Always disconnect the negative terminal of the battery before starting work.
* Wear appropriate protective clothing and use insulated tools.
* Do not overload the vehicle’s electrical system.
*If you are unsure of your abilities, consult a qualified mechanic.