When you engage reverse gear on the automatic transmission, the following happens:
1. The torque converter is blocked. This device smoothes gear changes and reduces stress on the transmission. When reverse gear is engaged, the torque converter is locked, which ensures a rigid connection between the engine and transmission.
2. The planetary gearbox is turned on. It consists of a sun gear connected to the motor shaft and two planetary gears connected to the reverse shaft.
3. The planetary gears rotate around the sun gear to drive the reverse shaft.
4. The reverse shaft transmits torque to the differential. The differential distributes torque between the two rear wheels, allowing them to rotate at different speeds when cornering.
5. The rear wheels rotate in the opposite direction.
In addition to mechanical changes, other actions occur when reverse gear is engaged on some cars:
* Sound signal. Most cars have an audible signal that indicates when reverse gear is engaged.
* The reverse light comes on. It warns other drivers that the car is moving in reverse.
* The stabilization system is turned off. This is an electronic system that helps control the vehicle’s stability. It turns off when you engage reverse to allow the vehicle to maneuver more easily.