Vehicle electrical system
Battery
* Stores electricity and provides power to electrical components.
Generator
* Alternator, which converts mechanical energy from the engine into electrical energy to charge the battery and power the system.
Engine control unit (ECU)
* A computer that controls the operation of the engine and regulates fuel supply, ignition and other functions.
Starter
* Electric motor that starts the car engine.
Spark plugs
* Create a spark that ignites the air-fuel mixture in the engine cylinders.
Ignition coils
* Increase the voltage from the battery to the level required for the spark plugs to operate.
Electric fuel pump
* Pumps fuel from the tank to the engine.
Gasoline pump
* Increases fuel pressure to operate fuel injection nozzles.
Fuel injection nozzles
* Inject fuel into the engine cylinders.
Fuses and relays
* Protect the electrical system from overloads and short circuits.
Lighting system
*Includes headlights, taillights, turn signals, brake lights and other lighting fixtures.
Charging system
* Links the battery, alternator, voltage regulator and other components to charge and maintain the battery.
Starting system
* Includes battery, starter, ignition switch and other components needed to start the engine.
Engine management system
* Includes the ECU, sensors and actuators that control engine operation.
Fuel management system
* Includes the fuel pump, fuel pump, fuel injection nozzles and other components that supply fuel to the engine.
Lighting system
* Provides visibility while driving and includes headlights, taillights, turn signals and other lighting fixtures.