General car electrical
A vehicle’s electrical system is responsible for powering and controlling various electrical components such as lighting, ignition, charging system, and more. It consists of various components that work together to keep your car running smoothly.
Main Components
* Battery: Provides electricity to start the engine and power electrical components when the engine is not running.
* Alternator: Charges the battery and provides power to the electrical system when the engine is running.
*Starter: Actuates the flywheel of the engine to start it.
* Electrical Wiring: Wires and cables that connect the various components of an electrical system and allow the transmission of electricity.
* Fuses and Relays: Protect the electrical system from overloads and short circuits.
* Electrical Control Unit (ECU): Controls various electrical components and functions.
Functions
The electrical system performs the following main functions:
* Starting the engine
*Battery charging
*Power lighting
* Control of power windows, electric locks and other accessories
* Ensuring the operation of the ignition system
* Fuel injection system control
* Ensuring the operation of sensors and on-board computer
Onboard electrical wiring
On-board electrical wiring consists of:
* Main Wiring Harness: The main wiring harness that connects all major electrical components.
*Secondary Wiring Harnesses: Smaller wiring harnesses that connect individual electrical components to the main harness.
* Connectors: Used to connect wiring harnesses to electrical components.
Diagnostics and maintenance
Maintaining and diagnosing your vehicle’s electrical system is essential to keeping it running smoothly. Regular maintenance includes:
* Checking the electrolyte level in the battery
* Cleaning and tightening battery terminals
* Checking the condition of the generator and drive belt
* Elimination of any faults in on-board electrical wiring
When electrical problems occur in your vehicle, you may experience the following symptoms:
* Dim lighting or failure of electrical components
* Difficulty starting the engine
*Dead battery
*Blown fuses or faulty relays
If such problems occur, it is recommended that you contact a qualified auto mechanic for diagnosis and repair.