An automatic transmission (automatic transmission) is a type of transmission in cars that automatically changes gears without driver intervention. This is achieved through a hydraulic transformer and a planetary mechanism.
Main features of automatic transmission:
* Automatic gear shifting: The driver selects only the selector position (for example, D for driving, R for reverse), and the transmission itself selects the optimal gear depending on the driving conditions.
*Hydraulic Transformer: Converts torque from the engine to the gearbox, eliminating the need for a clutch. Also ensures smooth running of the car.
* Planetary gear: Consists of sun gear (central), planetary gears and ring gear (outer). Gear changes occur by locking or releasing different combinations of gears.
* Electronic control unit (ECU): Receives information from various sensors and controls gear shifting, taking into account engine parameters, vehicle speed and accelerator pedal position.
Advantages of automatic transmission:
* Convenience and ease of use
* Smooth gear shifting
* Engine overspeed protection
* Economical use of fuel (in modern automatic transmission models)
Disadvantages of automatic transmission:
*Higher cost compared to manual transmission
* Some reduction in vehicle dynamics
* Difficulty of repair
*Requires regular maintenance